In particle physics , the ADD model , also known as the model with large extra dimensions ( LED ), is a model framework that attempts to solve the hierarchy problem by explaining the weakness of gravity relative to the other forces. [ clarification needed ] This hypothesis requires that the fields of the Standard Model be confined to a four-dimensional membrane , while gravity propagates in several additional spatial dimensions that are large compared to the Planck scale . [1]
The mechanism was proposed in 1962 by Philip Warren Anderson , [2] following work in the late 1950s on symmetry breaking in superconductivity and a 1960 paper by Yoichiro Nambu that discussed its application within particle physics .